Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of email addresses and accounts. Adversaries may try to dump Exchange address lists such as global address lists (GALs).(Citation: Microsoft Exchange Address Lists) In on-premises Exchange and Exchange Online, the <code>Get-GlobalAddressList</code> PowerShell cmdlet can be used to obtain email addresses and accounts from a domain using an authenticated session.(Citation: Microsoft getglobaladdresslist)(Citation: Black Hills Attacking Exchange MailSniper, 2016) In Google Workspace, the GAL is shared with Microsoft Outlook users through the Google Workspace Sync for Microsoft Outlook (GWSMO) service. Additionally, the Google Workspace Directory allows for users to get a listing of other users within the organization.(Citation: Google Workspace Global Access List)
Enumeration of global address lists or email account metadata via PowerShell cmdlets (e.g., Get-GlobalAddressList) or MAPI/RPC from non-admin, non-mailserver systems.
Suspicious querying of organization-wide directory data via Google Workspace Directory API or Outlook GAL sync in high volume from abnormal users, service accounts, or unknown device contexts.